Huai'an has a long history and is full of talents. Especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Huai'an was prosperous in economy and culture due to the prosperity of water transport and salt transport and the establishment of the status of the canal capital. The city is prosperous, and the art of calligraphy and painting has also made great progress. Influenced by art schools such as "four families of Ming Dynasty", "four kings", "four monks" and "eight monsters in Yangzhou", Huai'an calligraphy and painting circles in the Ming and Qing Dynasties were full of vitality and excellent works.
The ancient calligraphy and painting works of Huai'an on display this time are mainly the adherents of the late Ming Dynasty, "eight monsters in Yangzhou" and the top scholars and officials. Among them, there are not only Huai'an authors, but also some authors who live in a guest or have been an official in Huai'an. Some of these authors are professional calligraphers and painters; Some are literati and scholars who enjoy themselves in the world of official affairs and indulge in the smoke and clouds of paper and ink. Many of them are famous calligraphers and painters with local or national influence, including wanshouqi, song Cao, Zheng Banqiao, Li Yi, Huang Shen, Bao Shichen and others.
Wan Shouqi, as an elegant scholar in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, was versatile in calligraphy and painting. He once participated in anti Qing activities. After his defeat, he lived in seclusion in the Jianghuai area, built Xixi thatched cottage in Huai'an until he died. He often sang poetry, calligraphy and painting with famous scholars such as Gu Yanwu and song Cao. His works on this exhibition are of great style and high style, which fully shows his noble feelings of being different from the secular world“ Li Yu in the "eight monsters of Yangzhou", works in poetry, calligraphy and painting. He studied painting with Jiang Tingxi and Gao Qipei. Later, influenced by Shi Tao, he was good at flowers, bamboo, pine and cypress. In his early years, his painting style was meticulous, rigorous and methodical. In his middle age, he began to turn to rough freehand brushwork, bold, vigorous, free and easy, full of emotion and momentum. This exhibition is also the representative works of the later stage. In addition, the calligraphy works of Zhang Zhiwan, the "No. 1 scholar in famous science", Liang Yaoshu, the "No. 1 scholar in gold and jade", Wu Lu, the "No. 1 scholar in the late Qing Dynasty", and Zhang Jian, the "No. 1 industrialist", also have their own characteristics. In addition, some dignitaries in the Qing Dynasty and local scholars and scholars in Huai'an, such as Li Hongzhang, Liu Yong and Lu Tong, also left many excellent calligraphy works.
These exhibits have a complete variety and comprehensive techniques, which fully reflects the excellent context of Huai'an calligraphy and painting art in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. This is not only the continuous efforts of local calligraphers and painters and scholars, but also the contribution of many famous Hakkas and foreign experts. The two learn from each other and temper each other, which jointly promoted the development of Huai'an calligraphy and painting art. The preservation of their works witnessed the prosperity of calligraphy, painting and medical activities in Huai'an during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as the active cultural and artistic exchanges between Huai'an and other regions.
The following is the author's information of this exhibit：
Zhao Bei (unknown year of birth and death), No. southern Hunan, a Xianglan, from Yinxian County, Zhejiang (now Yinzhou District, Ningbo, Zhejiang), guanzhongshe at the end of Wanli. Good at writing bamboo, vertical and horizontal, majestic and unique. Taste keweiyang, which is cherished by the world. It also works on landscapes and flowers, including Weichuan picture volume, flower volume, etc. According to historical records, Zhao Bei once wrote the painting of misty rain on ten thousand poles. He studied the ink fouls, splashed and collected them. The high, the low, the thick, the light, the oblique and the positive are dripping and lush in the distance, and the differences are clear in examination.
Song Cao (1620-1701), named binchen, was born in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. Great calligrapher and patriotic poet in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. His great grandparents and grandfathers all joined the government by raising people. Cao in Song Dynasty lived in seclusion, traveled mountains and rivers, visited teachers and friends, enjoyed famous calligraphy from north and south, and finally became a master of calligraphy. He is the author of "calligraphy appointment", "huiqiutang poetry collection" and so on, and the representative of calligraphy is "thousand characters in cursive script".
Li Ying (1682 -?), It is named Zongyang, No. Futang, No. chagrin Taoist, Mo Mo, one of the "eight monsters in Yangzhou", from Xinghua County (now Xinghua City), Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. Li Yingong's poetry, calligraphy and painting. He studied painting with Jiang Tingxi and Gao Qipei. Later, influenced by Shi Tao, he was good at flowers, bamboo, pine and cypress. In his early years, his painting style was meticulous, rigorous and methodical. In his middle age, he began to turn to rough freehand brushwork, bold, vigorous, free and easy, full of emotion and momentum. The handed down paintings include the butterfly painting axis on the earth wall collected by Nanjing Museum and the pine and rattan painting axis collected by the Palace Museum.
Bao Shichen (1775-1855), named Shenbo, was born in Jing County, Anhui Province. In the 20th year of Jiaqing (1815), Ju Ren was a scholar, calligrapher and calligrapher theorist in the Qing Dynasty. He was knowledgeable and studied agriculture, money and literature. The calligrapher learned seal script from Deng Shiru, and later advocated Wei Bei, claiming that "Shen Bo's middle-aged book began with Yan and Europe, and then spread to Su and Dong. Later, he made every effort to study the two kings in the Northern Wei Dynasty, and then became a unique industry." He pushed the study of Steles through his book theories such as "art boat double boat", which had a great impact on the reform of book style in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. The four screens of this running script are completed at one go, the flesh and bones are evenly distributed, and the true power is diffuse, which is extremely wonderful.
Po Shan Zen master (1597-1666), No. Haiming, the common surname Jian, the name Dongyu, the ancestral home of Yucheng (now Chongqing city), was born in Zhuyang (now Dazhu County, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province). He was an important Zen master, poet and calligrapher in the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty. He once played a great role in the Buddhist activities in Emei area of Shu and was known as the "little Sakyamuni" in the world.
Wu Shixian (?) 1916), word Shixian, No. splash ink Taoist, from Shangyuan, Jiangsu (now Nanjing, Jiangsu), living in Shanghai, painter of the Qing Dynasty. His landscape painting is not important because he has just learned from the four kings. After returning to Japan, his painting style has changed and is full of innovative spirit. He is good at depicting the natural scenery haunted by misty rain, combines the painting methods of Mi Fu and Gao Kegong, and mixed with Western watercolor painting techniques. His landscapes are inky and vivid, and he is especially good at expressing the shape of wind and rain. The painting style is in line with fashion and is quite similar to Lingnan Painting School.
Lu Tong (1805-1863), named LAN Cen, was born in Anton, Jiangsu Province (now Lianshui County, Jiangsu Province). In the 15th year of Daoguang (1835), he was a famous ancient writer and poet in the years of Daoguang and Xianfeng. Gongshi is good at painting. He has written more than ten kinds of works, such as Tongfu manuscript, Tongfu poetry collection, Baida mountain chronicle, Pizhou chronicle, Qinghe County Chronicle, and many other calligraphy and painting works have been handed down.
Zhang Zhiwan (1811-1897), Ziqing, luanpo, Zhili Nanpi (now Hebei), brother Zhang Zhidong. In the 27th year of Daoguang (1847), he was a scholar and champion. During the Tongzhi period, he was appointed governor of Henan Province and moved to supervise water transport. He successively served as governor of Jiangsu, governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, and a senior scholar from Guangxu to Dongge. Painting inherits the family's learning. The landscape brush is soft and thick, with beautiful bones and clear spirit. It is an elegant product in the paintings of scholar bureaucrats. At the beginning, he discussed the six methods with Dai Xi and made the best agreement. At that time, he was called "South Dai and North Zhang". Fine calligraphy, small regular script, Tang FA Jin rhyme, and good at winning.
Zheng Banqiao (1693-1765), named Zheng Xie, named Ke Rou and No. Banqiao, was born in Xinghua, Jiangsu Province. His ancestral home is Suzhou. He once served as a magistrate of Wei county. Famous painter and calligrapher in Qing Dynasty. It is the main representative of the "eight monsters in Yangzhou" and is famous for its three wonders of "poetry, calligraphy and painting". His life can be divided into five stages: reading and teaching, selling paintings in Yangzhou, Zhongju and Jinshi, being an official in Shandong and selling paintings in Yangzhou again. In the tenth year of Yongzheng (1732), Ju Ren was a scholar in the first year of Qianlong (1736). He was relaxed and uninhibited. He elected county magistrate as a Jinshi. He asked for relief for the people because of hunger. He disobeyed the senior officials, gave up and lived in Yangzhou. He is good at painting orchids and bamboos and creates his own "six and a half book". Zheng Xie painted most bamboos in his life, followed by orchids and stones, but also pines and chrysanthemums. He was a representative literati painter in the Qing Dynasty.
Huang Shen (1687-1768), whose initial name was Sheng, was named Gongshou, GONGMAO, GONGMAO and juzhuang. He was born in Ninghua, Fujian Province. He lost his father when he was young, made a living selling paintings and supported his mother. He first studied painting with Shangguan Zhou, then traveled away from home and sold paintings in Yangzhou many times. Huang Shengong cursive, FA huaisu. People are painted with fairy stories. After learning Shangguan Zhou for the first time, they are painted with wild grass brush technique. Their brush posture is indulgent and deeply won the ancient method. Intercropping landscape, flowers and birds, resulting in waste. The paintings are mostly historical figures, Buddhism and Taoism, woodcutter and fisherman. In his early years, he was meticulous. Later, he participated in Huai Su's cursive writing. His pen was rough, frustrating and majestic.
Zhang Jing (1736-1795), named Yanfu, was born in Qianlong. He imitates Shen Zhou and Dai Jin, has neat pen and ink, rigorous structure, vigorous and thick strength, and elegant color. In the 22nd year of Qianlong's reign (1757), he made the picture of years and dynasties, which was recorded in the continuation of Shiqu treasure collection.
Chen Chongguang (1838-1896), formerly known as Zhao, was later changed to Ruomu and Lisheng. He was called pure Taoist and came from Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. He was a carver at first and then a disciple of Yu Chan. He once participated in the revolution of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and painted murals with Yu Chan in Tianjing (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). After the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, he returned to Yangzhou. Once lived in the Kuai family in central Anhui, he often saw the authentic works of famous artists in the song and Yuan Dynasties, and his painting art was advanced rapidly, which was popular in Yangzhou at that time. In the 13th year of Guangxu (1887), Huang Binhong studied painting in Yangzhou and was deeply influenced by it. He praised it as "very consistent with the ancient method, calm and vigorous".
Yao Youchao (1841-1922), Mingchen, from Renhe, Zhejiang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). His father was "influenced by the afterglow of his ancestors. He didn't get an official. He entertained himself with poetry and wine every day. He was proficient in six methods and painted butterflies. He was known as" Yao butterfly ". Yao Youchao learned from his family when he was young. He learned painting from Zhao Zhichen, a famous painter in Hangzhou. In the last years of Xianfeng, he and his mother avoided war between the Yangtze River and the Huai River. Because they loved the customs of Huai'an, they settled in Shanyang, Jiangsu (now Chuzhou District, Huai'an City, Jiangsu). Yao Youchao's paintings are natural and unrestrained, and the color is elegant. At that time, he was called "painting landscape has the interest of Xiaoshu and elegance, and flowers are close to Yun Shouping." Modern Yangzhou painter he Anzhi (from Huaihe) said: "Yao's sketches can be comparable to Wu Changshuo and Qi Baishi."
Liang Yaoshu (1832-1888), named Guanqi and Dounan, was born in Shunde, Guangdong. He was one of the three top champions in Guangdong history. In the 10th year of tongzhi (1871), he was the No. 1 scholar, awarded Hanlin editing, and served as a bachelor. After liang Yaoshu became the No. 1 scholar in the Imperial Academy, he worked as an examiner in many places in the north. Later, he was promoted to be an attendant in the Imperial Academy, and then changed to an attendant. Empress Dowager Qin Xiaohuang once said, "Liang Yaoshu is a 'golden and jade gentleman'". Therefore, Liang Yaoshu is called "golden and jade champion" by the people. This book has a square font, smooth strokes, connected strokes, rich ink color and Zhao Mengfu's calligraphy style. The title is: Dounan Liang Yaoshu.
Li Hongzhang (1823-1901), whose real name is Zhang Tong, with the word "Jianfu" or "Ziyi", is called Shaoquan (Quan). In his later years, he was named yilao and came from Hefei, Anhui Province. An important official in the late Qing Dynasty, he was the governor of Zhili and the Minister of Commerce of Beiyang, and was awarded the grand Bachelor of Wenhua hall. The founder and commander of the Huai army and one of the main advocates of the Westernization Movement. He is the author of Li Wenzhong's collection of official documents.
Qi Zao (1793-1866), named Shu Ying, was born in Shouyang, Shanxi Province. He was named Chunpu and GuanZhai in his later years. Jinshi in the 19th year of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty (1814) was the Prime Minister of Daoguang, Xianfeng and Tongzhi. A famous politician and scholar, he once served as the Imperial College's toast, the right chamberlain of the Ministry of household, the Minister of war, the Minister of household, and the Bachelor of tirenge. He experienced four generations of Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng and Tongzhi, and served as an official for 46 years. He also served as the chief master of the study of Emperor Daoguang, the title of Prince Taibao of emperor Xianfeng, and the reading of Hongde Hall of Tongzhi emperor. Therefore, he is known as "literary Minister of the four dynasties" and "emperor teacher of the three generations". Qi Zao was good at poetry and writing. He was good at calligraphy. His calligraphy style was unique. He was known as "the best at one time" in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.
Wu Lixian (unknown year of birth and death), named Wu Shuben and named Lixian, is from Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province. He is good at painting. He is famous for his flower and bird paintings, especially for his fine painting of chrysanthemums and the frost shadow on the East fence. Each is fine and beautiful. There is a saying that "one gold buys one chrysanthemum". In his later years, he lived in Shanghai and had a good relationship with Wang Yiting. He often sang poetry and painted together. Together with Xie gongzhan and Miao guying, they are called "three chrysanthemums on the sea", and once co founded Shanghai poetry society with Wang Zhen.
Liu Yong (1719-1804), with the word chongru, is called Shi'an, and also has the names of Qingyuan, Xiangyan, Dongwu, mu'an, Minghua, riguanfeng Taoist, etc. He is from Gaomi County, Shandong Province. Calligrapher and painter and politician in Qing Dynasty. In the 16th year of Qianlong's reign (1751), he was a Jinshi, an official to a Bachelor of the cabinet, and later served as the Minister of the Ministry of officials and a Bachelor of the Tiren Pavilion. As an honest official, he has the style of his father Liu Tongxun. Liu Yong is not only a politician, but also a famous calligrapher. He is a master of calligraphy and one of the four calligraphers in the Qing Dynasty (the other three are prince Cheng, Weng Fanggang and tiebao). Liu Yong's calligraphy is characterized by thick ink, strong body, thick and solid, and unique. Liu Yong, who is also a worker and Wenhan, is well-known for his extensive knowledge of hundreds of classics and history, his intensive study of ancient prose and his good writing. He is the author of Shi'an poetry collection, which was published in the world. Most of Liu Yong's handed down calligraphy works are running script. This book has a square ending, fat and thin strokes, strict composition, dexterity and thick ink.
Zhang Jian (1853-1926), Ji Zhi, No. Si'an, was born in Haimen, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, and his ancestral home was Changshu, Jiangsu Province. Modern Chinese industrialist, politician and educator. He was selected in the 11th year of Guangxu (1885) and the No. 1 scholar in the 20th year of Guangxu (1894), and was awarded to the Imperial Academy for revision and writing. In the thirtieth year of Guangxu (1904), he was awarded the title of three grades. In 1905, the first museum in China, Nantong Museum, was established. After the establishment of Nanjing government, he served as the chief of industry, the chief of agriculture and Commerce of Beiyang government and the chief of national water conservancy in 1912, and the president of National Water Conservancy Bureau in 1914. Later, after witnessing the invasion of the great powers, the state affairs became increasingly non-existent. He resolutely abandoned his officials and embarked on the road of saving the country by industry and education.
Wan Shouqi (1603-1652), with a young character and a name of jieruo, was renamed Huishou, also known as Mingzhi Taoist, Shou Taoist and Shou Ruo. He was born in Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province. He was a scholar at the end of the Ming Dynasty and the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. He was a calligrapher, painter and writer. He once participated in anti Qing activities and lived in seclusion in the Jianghuai area after his defeat. His representative works include "farewell to autumn river", "pine stone", "landscape", etc. Wan Shouqi is skilled in calligraphy and painting. He is fond of seals and is skilled in six books. He has a volume of the seal book of Samana Huishou.
Hua Ho (1682-1762), the word Qiuyue, the word empty dust, is called Xinluo mountain man, also known as Baisha Taoist, Lichu resident, dongyuansheng and buyisheng. From linting, Fujian Province (now Changting County, Longyan City, Fujian Province). He is good at poetry and painting. He is good at landscapes, flowers, birds and characters. He is especially good at characters. He can dye them at will. Influenced by Yun Nantian, he created his own unique style. He is good at using thick and thirsty pens. His paintings of flowers, birds, grass, insects and small animals are natural, vivid, lively, beautiful and interesting. Hua Hu lived in Yangzhou for a long time, and Yangzhou has many successors. The most famous ones are Zhu Ben, Guan Xining, Li Meisheng and Xugu. His painting style has a certain influence on flower and bird painting in the Qing Dynasty and modern times. His representative works include Liezi's painting of guarding the wind, the sound of spring with pine rhyme, the painting of fragrant Valley embracing the show, the painting of cold bamboo and quiet birds, etc.
Wu Lu (1845-1912), named Sutang, was born in Quanzhou, Fujian Province. He was also named as the head of Baihua nunnery. In the 12th year of tongzhi (1873), he was admitted to the Imperial College. In the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), he was the last champion in the imperial examination era in Fujian. Wu Lu worked hard all his life and wrote rich works. There are such works as "reading rites and compiling records", "hundred mourning poems", "paper talk", "primary edition of elementary education", "national compassion and Gong Ji", "after reading Wang Wencheng's economic book", etc. Wu Lu's calligraphy is self-contained, known as "excellent calligraphy, famous and famous".
The exhibition lasts from November 17 to December 27, during which it is open to citizens free of charge. Citizens and friends are welcome to visit.
Exhibition time: November 17 - December 27, 2015/span>
Venue: temporary exhibition hall of Hai'an County Museum
Organizer: Hai'an County Museum, Huai'an City Museum
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